做题步骤：

1. 翻译题干，找到定位词（名词，动词，形容词，副词）

2. 回文定位，略读非定位句，精读定位句，理解其中内容和逻辑

(相关资料图)

3. 比对选项（逐句比对），正确选项符合内容相关，逻辑一致

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Last year, a child was born at a hospital in the UK with her heart outside her body. Few babies survive this rare condition, and those who do must endure numerous operations and are likely to have complex needs. When her mother was interviewed, three weeks after her daughter’s birth, she was asked if she was prepared for what might be a daunting task caring for her. She answered without hesitation that, as far as she was concerned, this would be a “privilege”.

Rarely has there been a better example of the power of attitude, one of our most powerful psychological tools. Our attitudes allow us to turn mistakes into opportunities, and loss into the chance for new beginnings. An attitude is a settled way of thinking, feeling and/or behaving towards particular objects, people, events or ideologies. We use our attitudes to filter, interpret and react to the world around us. You weren’t born with attitudes. They’re all learned, and this happens in a number of ways.

The most powerful influences occur during early childhood and include both what happened to you directly, and what those around you did and said in your presence. As you acquire a distinctive identity, your attitudes are further refined by the behaviors of those with whom you identify—your family, those of your gender and culture, and the people you admire, even though you may not know them personally. Friendships and other important relationships become increasingly important, particularly during adolescence. About that same time and throughout adulthood, the information you receive, especially when ideas are repeated in association with goals and achievements you find attractive, also refine your attitudes.

Many people assume that our attitudes are internally consistent, that is, the way you think and feel about someone or something predicts your behavior towards them. However, many studies have found 【that feelings and thoughts don’t necessarily predict behavior】. In general, your attitudes will be internally consistent 【only when the behavior is easy, and when those around you hold similar beliefs】. That’s why, for example, many say they believe in the benefits of recycling or exercise, but don’t behave in line with their views, because it takes awareness, effort and courage to go beyond merely stating you believe something is a good idea.

One of the most effective ways to change an attitude is to start behaving as if you already feel and think the way you’d prefer to. Take some time to reflect on your attitudes, to think about what you believe and why. Is there anything you consider a burden rather than a privilege? If so, start behaving—right now—as if that is the case.

46. What do we learn from the passage about attitude? 细节题

A) It shapes our beliefs and ideologies. 偷换细节/偷换动词（settle）

B) It improves our psychological wellbeing. 无中生有

C) It determines how we respond to our immediate environment.

= We use our attitudes to filter, interpret and react to the world around us.

D) It changes the way we think, feel and interact with one another. 偷换细节/偷换动词（settle）

47. What原因 can contribute to 结果the refinement of one’s attitude, according to the passage? 细节题/原因细节题

A) Their idols’ behaviors.

= As you acquire a distinctive identity, your attitudes are further refined by the behaviors of those with whom you identify—your family, those of your gender and culture, and the people you admire, even though you may not know them personally.

B) Their educational level. 无中生有

C) Their contact with the opposite gender.            

D) Their interaction with different cultures.

48. What do many studies find about people’s feelings and thoughts? 细节题/观点

A) They may not suggest how a person is going to behave.

However, many studies have found 【that feelings and thoughts don’t necessarily predict behavior】.

B) They are in a way consistent with a person’s mentality.无中生有

C) They may not find expression in interpersonal relations.无中生有

D) They are in line with a person’s behavior no matter what.偷换细节/偷换状语

49. How come many people don’t do what they believe is good? 细节题/原因细节题

A) They can’t afford the time.无中生有                             

B) They have no idea how to.无中生有

C) They are hypocritical.无中生有/不根据结果主观臆断原因                        

D) They lack willpower.

=That’s why, for example, many say they believe in the benefits of recycling or exercise, but don’t behave in line with their views, because it takes awareness, effort and courage to go beyond merely stating you believe something is a good idea.

50. What is proposed as a strategy to change attitude? 细节题

A) Changing things that require one’s immediate attention.无中生有

B) Starting to act in a way that embodies one’s aspirations.

= One of the most effective ways to change an attitude is to start behaving as if you already feel and think the way you’d prefer to.

C) Adjusting one’s behavior gradually over a period of time.无中生有

D) Considering ways of reducing one’s psychological burdens.无中生有

词汇：

1.       survive  v. 活下来，幸存  （ sur-超过 + -viv-活 + -e   survival幸存；幸存者）

The company managed to survive the crisis. 公司设法渡过了危机。

Many birds didn't survive the severe winter. 很多鸟死于这次严冬。

2.       endure  v. 持续存在；忍受  （ en-使… + -dur-持久  endurable能忍耐的；能持久的）

3.       numerous  a.许多的  （-numer-数 + -ous形容词词尾）

4.       operation  n. 实施；操作；手术  （-oper-工作 + -ation名词词尾  operate操作；经营；对…开刀）

5.       daunting  a. 使人畏惧的  （daunt使畏缩；威吓）

6.       hesitation  n. 犹豫   （without hesitation毫不犹豫地   hesitate踌躇，犹豫）

7.       as far as one’s considered

8.       privilege  n. 特权，荣幸  （-priv-私人,私下 + -i- + -leg-法规 + -e）

9.       rarely  ad. 很少  （rare稀有的）

10.    psychological  a. 心理的，精神的  （psychology心理学；心理状态）

11.    allow sb to do sth  允许某人做某事

12.    turn … into …  使…变成…

13.    settle  v. 解决；确定  （set(←-sed-)坐(t双写) + -le动词词尾  settled  稳定的；习惯的）

14.    ideology  n. 意识形态，思想体系 （ idea思想(a略) + -o- + -logy…学(科)）

15.    filter  v. 过滤

16.    interpret  v. 解释

17.    react  v. （作出）反应   （react to对......作出反应）

18.    presence  n. 出席，存在  （ pre-前,先 + -senc-存在 + -e）

19.    distinctive  a. 独特的，与众不同的  （distinct明显的；独特的  di-分离 + -stinct-刺 → 以刺的记号区分）

20.    refine  v. 精炼；改进    （refinement  n. 精炼；改进）

21.    identify  v.识别；认同；认为……和……一致   （identify with认同   identity身份；同一性，一致）

22.    adolescence  n. 青春期

23.    adulthood  n. 成年

24.    internally  ad. 在内部  （internal内部的）

25.    consistent  a. 始终如一的；持续的

26.    predict  v. 预言

27.    in line with 与......一致；符合

28.    awareness  n. 认识，意识  （aware意识到的；知道的）

29.    reflect  v. 深思，反省   （reflect on深思，反省）

题目词汇：

30.    shape   v. 影响；塑造

31.    wellbeing  n. 幸福

32.    determine  v. 决定   （determined坚决的   de-加强意义 + -termin-限定 + -e → 划界限,定目标,朝目标走）

33.    respond  v. 回答，回应  （respond to = react to回应，回答）

34.    immediate  a. 立刻的；目前的；附近的   （ im-无 + -medi-中间 + -ate形容词词尾 → 无中间间隙或环节的）

35.    interact  v. 互动；相互作用  （interact with 与......互动）

36.    one another  彼此，互相

37.    contribute to有助于，促成

38.    idol  n. 偶像

39.    acquire  v. 获得

40.    opposite  a. 相反的

41.    in a way 在某种程度上

42.    mentality  n. 心态，思维方式

43.    no matter what 无论如何

44.    hypocritical  a. 虚伪的

45.    willpower  n. 意志力

46.    propose  v. 提议，建议

47.    embody  v. 体现

48.    aspiration  n. 渴望，志向

49.    adjust  v. 调整  （ad-来,临近 + -just-公正 → 使趋向公正、恰当）

50.    reduce  v. 减少

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